Frequency Domain Predictive Modelling with Aggregated Data

Existing work in spatio-temporal data analysis invariably assumes data available as individual measurements with localised estimates. However, for many applications like econometrics, financial forecasting and climate science, data is often obtained as aggregates. Data aggregation presents severe mathematical challenges to learning and inference, and application of standard techniques is susceptible to ecological fallacy. In this manuscript we investigate the problem of predictive linear modelling in the scenario where data is aggregated in a non-uniform manner across targets and features. We introduce a novel formulation of the problem in the frequency domain, and develop algorithmic techniques that exploit the duality properties of Fourier analysis to bypass the inherent structural challenges of this setting. We provide theoretical guarantees for generalisation error for our estimation procedure and extend our analysis to capture approximation effects arising from aliasing. Finally, we perform empirical evaluation to demonstrate the efficacy of our algorithmic aproach in predictive modelling on synthetic data, and on three real datasets from agricultural studies, ecological surveys and climate science. approximation effects arising from aliasing. Finally, we perform empirical evaluation to demonstrate the efficacy of our algorithmic aproach in predictive modelling on synthetic data, and on three real datasets from agricultural studies, ecological surveys and climate science.